What is BIM?s Level of Developments (LOD)?

The Degree of Development (LOD) framework is really a system found in Building Information Modeling (BIM) to define the amount of detail and accuracy of information contained inside a BIM model at different stages of a project. The LOD framework provides a common language and understanding among project stakeholders concerning the degree of information and model reliability.

There are different LOD specifications available, however the most commonly used framework is the LOD Specification produced by the American Institute of Architects (AIA), the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI), and the National Institute of creating Sciences (NIBS). The AIA LOD Specification defines six degrees of development:

LOD 100: Conceptual Design
As of this level, the BIM model represents basic massing, volumes, and conceptual design intent. It is used to convey the entire design concept without specific details or accurate dimensions.

LOD 200: Schematic Design
In this stage, the BIM model provides more descriptive information, including approximate sizes, shapes, and locations of creating elements. It serves as an instrument for design development and additional analysis.

LOD 300: Design Development
At LOD 300, the BIM model becomes more refined and detailed. It includes specific sizes, shapes, and orientations of building elements. It incorporates information about systems, assemblies, and connections to aid design development and coordination.

LOD 350: Construction Documentation
At this level, the BIM model includes accurate and detailed information required for construction documentation and coordination. It incorporates specific products, quantities, and assemblies necessary for construction.

https://www.openlearning.com/u/villarrealspears-re5btr/blog/BimSurveyors0 : Construction Stage
LOD 400 represents the BIM model with as-built information during the construction phase. It includes actual product and material details, precise dimensions, and specific installation methods. It serves as a reference for construction teams.

LOD 500: As-Built Stage
As of this final level, the BIM model reflects the actual conditions of the built project. It offers accurate and verified as-built information, such as installed equipment, systems, and components.

It's important to remember that the LOD definitions may vary slightly with respect to the project or organization. The LOD framework helps project stakeholders align their expectations concerning the degree of information and detail in a BIM model at different stages of a project. This facilitates effective collaboration, decision-making, and coordination throughout the project lifecycle.